Diplomasi Ekonomi Indonesia dan Kepemimpinan CPOPC dalam Menentang Regulasi Pembatasan Sawit oleh EU Green Deal pada Periode 2020–2025
Keywords:
Economic Diplomacy, Indonesia , CPOPC , EU Green Deal , Palm OilAbstract
This study examines Indonesia’s economic diplomacy through its role and leadership in the Council of Palm Oil Producing Countries (CPOPC) in countering the European Union’s palm oil restrictions under the EU Green Deal during the 2020–2025 period. The research aims to describe Indonesia’s economic diplomacy strategies, the forms of leadership exercised within CPOPC, and the extent to which these efforts have responded to European regulatory pressures. The study employs a qualitative-descriptive method, drawing on secondary data from official reports, policy documents, and academic publications. The findings indicate that Indonesia has utilized CPOPC as an instrument of collective diplomacy with Malaysia to strengthen bargaining power, engage in negotiations, and lobby the European Union regarding palm oil discrimination. Indonesia’s leadership is reflected in joint policy initiatives, coordinated communication strategies, and the promotion of sustainable palm oil practices. However, its effectiveness continues to face challenges from the EU’s environmental narrative and the dynamics of global political and economic competition.
References
Acharya, A. (2004). How ideas spread: Whose norms matter? Norm localization and institutional change in Asian regionalism. International Organization
Agustina, D. et al. (2018). Indonesia’s Palm Oil Diplomacy through CPOPC: A Regional Cooperation Approach. Journal of International Relations, 5(2), 101–120.
Amalia, S. & Yuwono, P. (2022). European Green Deal and Its Impact on Indonesian Palm Oil: A Trade Analysis. Global Trade Review, 18(4), 233–250.
Andriani, D. & Harsono, S. (2020). The Role of CPOPC in Sustainable Palm Oil Promotion. Journal of Sustainable Agribusiness, 7(2), 45–61.
Bayne, N. & Woolcock, S. (2011). The New Economic Diplomacy: Decision-Making and Negotiation in International Economic Relations. Routledge.
Council of Palm Oil Producing Countries (CPOPC) (Indonesia dan Malaysia) melakukan kunjungan ke Brussels, Belgia, pada tanggal 30 dan 31 Mei 2023. (2023). https://news.majalahhortus.com/cpopc-indonesia-dan-malaysia-sambangi-ue-protes-eudr/.
CPOPC. (2015). Charter Establishing the Council of Palm Oil Producing Countries. Kuala Lumpur.
CPOPC. (2015). Joint Declaration on the Establishment of CPOPC.
CPOPC. (2021). Joint Press Statement on Palm Oil Sustainability. CPOPC.org.
CPOPC. (2023). About CPOPC. https://www.cpopc.net
CPOPC. (2023). https://cpopc.net/pressroom/read/press-release-joint-mission-to-brussels?utm_.
CPOPC. (2023). Joint Press Release: The 1st Meeting of the Ad Hoc Joint Task Force on the EUDR. Retrieved from https://cpopc.net.
European Commission. (2019). Communication on Stepping up EU Action to Protect and Restore the World’s Forests. COM(2019) 352 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52019DC0352.
European Commission. (2019). Joint Working Group Meeting Reports. Brussels.
European Commission. (2021). Impact Assessment Accompanying the Proposal for a Regulation on Deforestation-free Products. SWD(2021) 326 final. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52021SC0326.
European Commission. (2023). Regulation on deforestation-free products. https://environment.ec.europa.eu/topics/forests/deforestation/regulation-deforestation-free-products_en.
European Parliament. (2019). https://www.europarl.europa.eu/legislative-train/theme-a-european-green-deal/file-european-green-deal#:~:text=On%2011%20December%202019,%20the%20Commission%20presented%20a,just%20transition%20for%20the%20regions%20and%20workers%20affected.
Fajar, N. & Supriadi, R. (2023). Strategi Diplomasi Indonesia dalam Negosiasi EUDR dan Dampaknya pada Perdagangan Sawit. Jurnal Diplomasi dan Hubungan Internasional, 9(1), 67–83.
GAPKI. (2023). Laporan Tahunan Gabungan Pengusaha Kelapa Sawit Indonesia 2023. Jakarta: GAPKI.
Hospes, O. & Kentin, A. (2016). Palm oil certification: The case of the RSPO. Wageningen University.
Hospes, O. (2014). Marking the success or end of global multi-stakeholder governance? The rise of national sustainability standards in Indonesia and Brazil for palm oil and soy. Agriculture and Human Values.
Jelsma, I., Jezeer, R., Govaerts, R., & Verweij, P. (2022). Smallholder Inclusion in Sustainable Palm Oil Value Chains: Challenges and Policy Implications. Land Use Policy, 109, 105681. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landusepol.2021.105681
Keohane, R. O. (1984). After Hegemony: Cooperation and Discord in the World Political Economy. Princeton University Press.
Lestari, T. & Mulyadi, R. (2021). Economic Diplomacy and the Challenge of EUDR: Indonesia’s Strategy to Protect Palm Oil Farmers. Journal of Economic Diplomacy, 3(1), 45–60.
Pacheco, P., Gnych, S., Dermawan, A., Komarudin, H., & Okarda, B. (2021). Strategies for Supporting Smallholder Palm Oil Producers in Global Supply Chains. World Development, 138, 105239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.worlddev.2020.105239.
Pertiwi, S. (2020). Palm Oil Diplomacy: Indonesia-Malaysia Cooperation through CPOPC. Journal of ASEAN Studies, 8(1), 45–63.
Putri, D. & Rahmanto, B. (2022). Posisi Tawar CPOPC di Tengah Regime EUDR dan Tantangan Globalisasi. Jurnal Hubungan Internasional, 8(2), 123–139.
Rahardja, S. et al. (2021). Trade Policy and Palm Oil Advocacy: The Role of Indonesia in CPOPC. International Trade Review, 10(4), 198–212.
Regulation (EU) 2023/1115 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 31 May 2023 on the making available on the Union market and the export from the Union of certain commodities and products associated with deforestation and forest degradation. https://eur-lex.europa.eu/eli/reg/2023/1115.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Jeremia Immanuel Eliando, Elistania, Agung Permadi, Natalia Nadeak
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
In submitting the manuscript to the Balcony (Budi Luhur Journal of Contemporary Diplomacy) , the authors certify that:
- They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
- The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
- That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
- The publication has been approved by the author(s) and by responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
- They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
- They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.
License and Copyright Agreement
Authors who publish with Balcony (Budi Luhur Journal of Contemporary Diplomacy) agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the Balcony (Budi Luhur Journal of Contemporary Diplomacy) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the Balcony (Budi Luhur Journal of Contemporary Diplomacy) published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or edit it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
