Diplomasi Budaya Anime Sebagai Upaya Penguatan Soft Power Jepang Periode 2014-2018

Authors

  • Alvine Dion Pratama
  • Anggun Puspitasari

Keywords:

anime, popular culture, public diplomacy, soft power, Japan

Abstract

Soft Power is one of the important component that support nations in international relations. This study aims to analyze the attempts of Japanese government to strengthen it’s soft power through anime popular culture diplomacy. Throughout the Japan’s Lost Decades event, Japan has experienced a setback in terms of economy, role, and cultural influence at the international level, coupled with a rapid development of popular culture from East Asian countries. This event then encouraged the Japanese government to look for alternate ways in strengthening the country’s soft power. So from that Japan uses popular anime culture as an alternative way to strengthen Japan’s soft power after the event. In analyzing the case, the author use several concepts such as Public Diplomacy and Soft Power. This research is a qualitative research. The results of this study indicates that Japan had successfully in utilizing it’s abundant and unique cultural resources as a means to strengthen the country’s soft power in the 21st century after the crisis while at the same time balancing the development of popular culture in East Asian Countries, so that Japan once again have a large influence and role in international relations activities.

References

(MOFA) Japan International MANGA Award, The Eleventh Japan International MANGA Award Winners, https://www.manga-award.mofa.go.jp/prize/index_11_2.html diakses pada 30 Juli 2019.
“What is Cool Japan Fund?”, https://www.cj-fund.co.jp/en/about/cjfund.html diakses pada 24 April 2019.
Adam Kuper, (1999), Culture: The Antropologists’ Account, Harvard University Press.
AnimeCons, Anime Convention Schedule: 2018, https://animecons.com/events/schedule.php?year= 2018 diakses pada 30 Juli 2019.
AnimeCons, Anime Expo 2017 Information, https://animecons.com/events/info/7489/anime-expo-2017 diakses pada 15 Mei 2019.
Cabinet Office Intellectual Property Headquarters, Cool Japan Initiative 2014, https://www.meti.go.jp /policy/mono_info_service/mono/creative/file/1406CoolJapanInitiative.pdf diakses pada 15 Mei 2019.
Cabinet Office, The Cool Japan Public-Private Partnership Platform, https://www.cao.go.jp/cool_japan/english/platform_en/platform_en.html diakses pada 30 Juli 2019.
Intellectual Property Strategy Headquarters, “Intellectual Property Strategic Program 2018”, https://www.kantei.go.jp/jp/singi/titeki2/kettei/chizaikeikaku2018_e.pdf diakses pada 30 Juli 2019.
JapanToday, (Mar. 17, 2008), “Doraemon named ‘anime ambassador’”, https://japantoday.com/category/entertainment/doraemon-named-anime-ambassador diakses pada 23 April 2019.
Jin, D. Y., (2016), New Korean Wave: Transnational Cultural Power in the Age of Social Media. Urbana, IL: University of Illinois Press.
John Baylis, Steve Smith, (2001), The Globalization of World Politics: An Introduction to International Relations, USA: Oxford University Press.
Joseph S. Nye, Jr., (1990), “The Changing Nature of World Power”, Political Science Quarterly, Vol. 105, No. 2.
Joseph S. Nye, Jr., (2008), “Public Diplomacy and Soft Power”, Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 616.
Kobayashi Keiichiro, (2015), “The two “lost decades” and macroeconomics,” dlm. Yoichi Funabashi, ed., Examining Japan’s Lost Decades, New York: Routledge.
Koichi Iwabuchi, (2015), “Pop-culture diplomacy in Japan: soft power, nation branding and the question of ‘international cultural exchange’”, International Journal of Cultural Policy 2015, Vol. 21, No. 4.
Koichi Iwabuchi, (2015), “Pop-culture diplomacy in Japan: soft power, nation branding and the question of ‘international cultural exchange’”, International Journal of Cultural Policy 2015, Vol. 21, No. 4.
Korean Culture and Information Service, (2011), The Korean Wave: A New Pop Culture Phenomenon, Korean Culture and Information Service.
Melissen, J., (2005), “Public Diplomacy: Between Theory and Practice,” dlm. Government Communication: The Dutch Experience, Govenrment Information Service, Ministry of General Affairs, The Hauge: Opmeer Printing.
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), “Promotion of the Cool Japan Strategy and the Creative Tokyo Project”, https://www.meti.go.jp/english/policy/mono_info_service/creative_industries/pdf/121016_0b. pdf diakses pada 24 April 2019.
Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), Content Industry, https://www.meti.go.jp/english/policy/mono_info_service/content_industry/index.html diakses pada 23 April 2019.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (MOFA), Cultural Exchange: World Cosplay Summit 2017 Conferment of Foreign Minister’s Prize, https://www.mofa.go.jp/p_pd/ca_opr/page25e_000152.html diakses pada 30 Juli 2019.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan (MOFA), Inauguration of Anime Ambassador, https://www.mofa.go.jp/announce/announce/2008/3/0319-3.html diakses pada 23 April 2019.
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan, “Japan and the United Nations”, https://www.mofa.go.jp/policy/un/index.html diakses pada 5 April 2019.
Mirko Ernkvist and Patrik Ström, (2008), “Enmeshed in Games with the Government: Governmental Policies and the Development of the Chinese Online Game Industry”, Games and Culture, Vol. 3, No. 1.
Nir Kshetri, (2009),"The evolution of the Chinese online gaming industry", Journal of Technology Management in China, Vol. 4, No. 2.
Patten, F., (2004), Watching anime, reading Manga: 25 years of essays and reviews, Berkeley, CA: Stone Bridge Press.
Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet, “Intellectual Property Strategic Program 2004”, http://japan.kantei.go.jp/policy/titeki/kettei/040527_e.html diakses pada 23 April 2019.
Prime Minister of Japan and His Cabinet, “Strategic Council on Intellectual Property”, http://japan.kantei.go.jp/policy/titeki/index_e.html diakses pada 23 April 2019.
Steven B. Rothman, (2011), “Revising the soft power concept: what are the means and mechanisms of soft power?”, Journal of Political Power, Vol. 4, No. 1.
The Association of Japanese Animations (AJA), Anime Industry Report 2017, https://aja.gr.jp/english/japan-anime-data diakses pada 8 Mei 2019.
The Diplomat, “Japan House: Tokyo’s New Public Diplomacy Push”, https://thediplomat.com/2017/ 07/japan-house-tokyos-new-public-diplomacy-push/ diakses pada 23 April 2019.
The JapanTimes, “Anime and manga to play bigger role in luring tourists to Japan”, https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/09/16/national/anime-manga-play-bigger-role-luring-tourists-japan/#.XQ9CzOgzbIU diakses pada 23 Juni 2019.
The JapanTimes, “Cool Japan Fund chief says crafty marketing key to regional revivals”, https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2013/12/29/national/cool-japan-fund-chief-says-crafty-marketing-key-to -regional-revivals/#.XMAWIOgzbIU diakses pada 24 April 2019.
Wahyuni Kartikasari, (2018), The Role of Anime and Manga in Indonesia-Japan Cultural Diplomacy, Jurnal (tidak diterbitkan).

Downloads

Published

2020-03-03

How to Cite

Pratama, A. D., & Puspitasari, A. (2020). Diplomasi Budaya Anime Sebagai Upaya Penguatan Soft Power Jepang Periode 2014-2018. Balcony, 4(1), 11–23. Retrieved from https://jom.fisip.budiluhur.ac.id/index.php/balcony/article/view/216

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)

Similar Articles

<< < 1 2 3 4 5 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.