Hybrid War Rusia dalam Mempertahankan Pengaruh atas Ukraina Sebagai Zona Penyanggah 2013-2015

Authors

  • Rudolof D. T Rene’L
  • Arin Fithriana

Keywords:

hybrid war, irregular warfare, little green men, Russia, Ukraine

Abstract

This research aims to analyze Russian Strategy on maintaining its influence over Ukraine as a buffer zone. NATO expansion to Eastern Europe has caused Russia to feel insecure with numerous Eastern European states that are close to Russian border joining them. Ukraine is one of the Eastern European state that is close to Russian border. That reality has forced Russia to maintain its influence over Ukraine to be neutral as a buffer zone state in Russian side. Crisis in Ukraine which erupted in 2014 was the beginning of the downfall relations between Russia-Ukraine. Ukrainian 2014 revolution showed the will of the Ukrainian citizens who wanted to be set free from Russian influence and show interest in becoming part of European Union. Ukrainian protestors demanded the government to change course of their political view which means parted from Russian influence. After Yanukovych was ousted, his supporter which is the Russian ethnic became threaten by Ukrainian nationalism over their existence in Ukraine. The protest which turned to be violence also take effect on Russian approach to maintain its influence over Ukraine. A diplomatic way was no longer an option after the interim government in Kiev change their eyes to the West. Understanding the situation, Russia sees a potential to take part in the crisis. Russia’s support of their ethnic inside of Ukraine act as a part of Russian Government efforts to make sure their people rights and safety was guaranteed. This research is using a qualitative methods in analyzing Russian strategy to keep Ukraine under its influence. Source of data’s to conclude this research coming from a secondary resources which cited from books, documents, and news from internet. Hybrid war is used as a concept on understanding Russia’s move in Ukraine. Hybrid war is a combination of conventional type of war, irregular war, and information war. Russia uses this three elements in a hybrid war as their way of maintaining their influence over Ukraine. Russia’s steps on supporting their ethnic in Eastern Ukraine and Crimea was a part of irregular types of warfare. The presents of the little green men with no insignia was seen as a conventional move by the Russian throughout Ukraine. To complete the hybrid war approach Russia also uses information warfare as one of the tools to their advantage.

References

Alexander, Harriet, 28 February 2014, “Victor Yanukovych: I will return – but I wasn’t scared and didn’t run away”, diakses melalui
http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/ukraine/10667902/Viktor-Yanukovych-I-will-return-but-I-wasnt-scared-and-didnt-run-away.html pada tanggal 17 November 2016.
Aitoro, Jill R, 13 september 2010, “Defense lacks doctrine to guide it through cyberwarfare” diakses melalui http://www.nextgov.com/defense/2010/09/defense-lacks-doctrine-to-guide-it-through-cyberwarfare/47575/ pada 2 Desember 2016.
Blitz, James, 1 November 2011, “Security: A huge challenge from China, Russia and organisez crime”, diakses melalui http://www.paconsulting.com/newsroom/expert-quotes/financial-times-security-a-huge-challenge-from-china-russia-and-organised-crime-1-november-2011/ pada 3 Desember 2016
BBC, 7 Maret 2014, “Ukraine’s revolution and the far right”, diakses melalui http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26468720 pada 5 Januari 2017.
Eternal Hope, 16 April 2014, “Ukrainian army units switch sides to pro-Russia protestors diakses melalui http://www.dailykos.com/story/2014/4/16/1292426/-Ukrainian-Army-Units-Switch-Sides-to-Pro-Russian-Protestors pada 4 Januari 2017.
Goncharenko, Roman, 15 April 2014, “Putin’s Plan ‘F’ for Ukraine”, diakses melalui http://www.dw.com/en/putins-plan-f-for-ukraine/a-17571704 pada 5 Januari 2017.
Herszenhorn, David M, 28 Februari 2014, “With military moves seen in Ukraine, Obama warns Russia”, diakses melalui
https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/01/world/europe/ukraine.htmlhttps://www.nytimes.com/2014/0 3/01/world/europe/ukraine.html pada 4 Januari 2017.
Harding, Luke, 13 Maret 2014, “Kiev’s protesters: Ukraine uprising was no neo-Nazi power-grab”, diakses melalui https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/13/ukraine-uprising-fascist-coup-grassroots-movement pada 5 Januari 2017.
Herszenhorn, David M, 17 April 2014, “Away from show of diplomacy in Geneva, Putin puts on a show of his own”, diakses melalui
https://www.nytimes.com/2014/04/18/world/europe/russia-ukraine.htm pada 8 Januari 2017.
Lacayo, Joaquin Cuadra, 31 Desember 2000, “International humanitarian law and irregular warfare : lessons learned in Latin America” diakses melalui https://www.icrc.org/eng/resources/documents/article/other/57jqth.htm pada 2 Desember 2016.
Mullen, Tom, 26 February 2014, “Pentagon finally admits conventional warfare is obsolete, recommends deep cut” diakses melalui http://dailycaller.com/2014/02/26/pentagon-finally-admits-conventional-warfare-is-obsolete-recommends-deep-cuts/ pada 2 Desember 2016.
Radio Free Europe Radio Liberty, 17 Desember 2013, “Putin billions, cheaper gas to Yanukovych”, diakses melalui http://www.rferl.org/a/ukraine-protests-yanukovych-moscow/25203138.html pada tanggal 15 November 2016.
Russian Today, 2 Maret 2014, Ukrainian troops dispatched in Crimea switch to region’s side – sources”, diakses melalui https://www.rt.com/news/ukraine-military-russia-resign-437/ pada 4 Januari 2017.
Russian Today, 6 April 2014, “Pro-Russian protesters seize govt building in Ukriane’s Donetsk, Lugansk and Kharkov”, diakses melalui https://www.rt.com/news/ukraine-donetsk-protest-russia-733/ pada 5 Januari 2017.
Ryzhkov, Vladimir, 7 April 2014, “Putin’s federalization card in Ukraine”, diakses melalui
https://themoscowtimes.com/articles/putins-federalization-card-in-ukraine-33715 pada 6 Januari 2017.
Simpson, John, 19 Maret 2014, “Russia’s Crimea plan detailed, secret, and successful” diakses melalui http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26644082 pada 30 Desember 2016.
Harding, Luke, 21 April 2010, “Ukraine extends lease for Russia’s black sea fleet”, diakses melalui https://www.theguardian.com/world/2010/apr/21/ukraine-black-sea-fleet-russia pada 30 Desember 2016.
Shevchenko, Vitaly, 11 Maret 2014, “Little Green men or Russian invaders”, diakses melalui http://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-26532154 pada 30 Desember 2016.
Schofield, Matthew, 25 Maret 2014, “Ukraine defense chief resigns; most soldiers in
Crimea expected to switch Russia”, diakses melalui http://www.mcclatchydc.com/news/nation-world/world/article24765667.html pada 4 Januari 2017.
The Gurdian, 7 Agustus 2014, “Ukraine activists lament ‘betrayal’ of Kiev’s Maidan as was rages in the east” diakses melalui https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/aug/07/ukraine-activists-lament-betrayal-kiev-maidan pada tanggal 15 November 2016.
Walker, Shaun, 17 Desember 2016, “Putin admits Russian military presence in Ukraine for first time”, diakses melalui https://www.theguardian.com/world/2015/dec/17/vladimir-putin-admits-russian-military-presence-ukraine pada 30 Desember 2016.
Washington Post, 17 April 2014, “Transcript: Vladimir Putin’s April 17 Q&A”, diakses
melalui https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/transcript-vladimir-putins-april-17 - qanda/2014/04/17/ff77b4a2-c635-11e3-8b9a-8e0977a24aeb_story.html?utm_term=.43459cf48adf pada 8 Januari 2017.
Yuhas, Alan, 17 Maret 2014, “Russian propaganda over Crimea and the Ukraine: how does it work?”, diakses melalui https://www.theguardian.com/world/2014/mar/17/crimea-crisis-russia-propaganda-media pada 5 Januari 2017.

Downloads

Published

2018-02-12

How to Cite

Rene’L, R. D. T., & Fithriana, A. (2018). Hybrid War Rusia dalam Mempertahankan Pengaruh atas Ukraina Sebagai Zona Penyanggah 2013-2015. Balcony, 2(1), 1–8. Retrieved from https://jom.fisip.budiluhur.ac.id/index.php/balcony/article/view/243

Issue

Vol. 2 No. 1 (2018)

Section

Articles

License

In submitting the manuscript to the Balcony (Budi Luhur Journal of Contemporary Diplomacy) , the authors certify that:

  • They are authorized by their co-authors to enter into these arrangements.
  • The work described has not been formally published before, except in the form of an abstract or as part of a published lecture, review, thesis, or overlay journal.
  • That it is not under consideration for publication elsewhere,
  • The publication has been approved by the author(s) and by responsible authorities – tacitly or explicitly – of the institutes where the work has been carried out.
  • They secure the right to reproduce any material that has already been published or copyrighted elsewhere.
  • They agree to the following license and copyright agreement.

License and Copyright Agreement

Authors who publish with Balcony (Budi Luhur Journal of Contemporary Diplomacy) agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the Balcony (Budi Luhur Journal of Contemporary Diplomacy) right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0) that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors can enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the Balcony (Budi Luhur Journal of Contemporary Diplomacy) published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or edit it in a book), with an acknowledgment of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) before and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.

Most read articles by the same author(s)

1 2 > >> 

Similar Articles

1 2 > >> 

You may also start an advanced similarity search for this article.